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- Quartz - A crystalline mineral used for gems; usually colourless and transparent
Quartz movement - An electronic movement in a watch, powered by a battery that causes vibrations in a tiny piece of quartz
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- Radiant cut - A square or rectangular brilliant cut stone with 70 facets for maximum sparkle
Rhodium - A white, metallic element
Rhodolite - A variety of pyrope garnet ranging in colour from rose-red to pale violet
Rhodonite - From the Greek word for pink. A reddish gem with thin veins or patches of grey-black. Found in the former Soviet Union, USA, India and Australia
Ribbed - A ridged, textured effect
Rock crystal - A mineral; see also quartz
Rope chain - Chain with a spiral appearance; like two thick strands woven together
Rose gold - An alloy of gold and copper, usually a pinkish shade
Rose finish - A pink finish, made to look like rose gold
Rose quartz - Delicate pink quartz with a milky appearance. Popular for Valentine's Day, Mother's Day, and other gift occasions
Ruby - A highly precious and valued red corundum
Rutilated quartz - A variety of quartz with streaks of rutile crystal; needle-like minerals with a reddish-brown appearance
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- Sapphire - A highly valued and precious stone and a member of the corundum group. Most commonly in blue
Satin finish - A matte finish achieved by sandblasting, brushing with a stiff wire brush, or chemically altering a surface. Satin finish has a soft, pearl-like lustre
Scalloped - An ornamental edge that consists of a series of curves
Scarab - A gemstone cut in the shape of a beetle; an ancient Egyptian fertility symbol
Screw back - A vice-like clamp that holds a non-pierced earring in place with a screw that can be tightened against the earlobe
Semi-precious stones - A traditional term for some natural stones including amethyst, aventurine, carnelian, garnet, opal, rose quartz, etc. Becoming out-dated, as some 'semi-precious' stones are now worth thousands of pounds
Shank - The back of the ring that encircles the finger
Shoulder - The sides of the ring that extend from the shank to the centrepiece
Signet - A ring with a centrepiece of a flat surface, on which there is an inscription, a coat of arms, a family crest, etc.
Silver tone - Coloured to look like silver
Simulated diamond - Manufactured imitation of genuine diamond. See Diamonique
Simulated pearl - Glass beads coated in the ground-up iridescent nacre from fish scales
Simulated stones - Any manufactured substance which is meant to resemble or take the place of a gem
Smoky quartz - Brownish quartz with a smoky appearance
Smoky topaz - see smoky quartz
Snake chain - Chain with links that fit together to form a bendable, often tubular chain
Sodalite - A mineral which is a component of lapis and generally translucent, usually blue in colour
Solitaire - A single stone in a simple setting
Spinel - A gemstone found in a wide range of colours, the most valuable resembling ruby
Square cut - Similar to emerald cut, the stone is square and bordered by long narrow facets
Square setting - A square setting with a prong at each corner to hold the centrepiece in place
Stack ring - Rings designed to be worn in sets of two or more on the same finger
stainless steel - Steel containing chromium and resistant to rust and corrosion
Stardust - A dusted, sparkly finish on metal surfaces
Step cut - A gem cut with a varying number of sloping parallel rows, giving the impression of steps
Sterling silver - Silver that is at least 92.5 percent pure with 7.5 parts of another metal, usually copper, to make the piece harder
Stickpin - A straight pin worn vertically on a scarf, tie, or a lapel
Stud - An earring featuring a single stone or metal ball, usually worn on pierced ears
Synthetic - Man-made, but an exact replica of the natural materials
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Table - The flat, horizontal top facet of a ring
Tanzanite - A deep blue-violet variety of zoisite, only mined in Tanzania
Tarnish - A dulled finish
Tassel - An ornamental bundle of threads bound at one end and loosely hung
Tennis bracelet - A flexible bracelet made up of evenly matched stones, usually diamonds. There are variations on the style, such as alternating stones
Tie tac - A short pin with an ornamental top or face that goes through the tie, pinning it to the shirt
Tiffany setting - A generally round, six-prong setting with long, slender prongs that flare out from the base
Tiger's eye - A semi-precious variety of quartz found in South Africa, in yellowish-brown, blue or red. When cabochon cut, shows a single light streak across its face
Titanium - A metallic element used mainly in industry, but also used in some jewellery because of the range of colours it produces when heated
Toggle clasp - A fastener consisting of a ring on one end of a necklace or bracelet and a short bar on the other end. The bar fits through the ring, then sits across it horizontally so it does not slide or pull
Topaz - A transparent gem; the most precious type is wine-yellow. Also found in shades of white, blue, brown, orange and pink
Tourmaline - A crystalline mineral. Comes in a variety of colours, the most common of which is black
Translucent - Allowing light to pass through, but not transparent
Transparent - Easily seen through; light rays are transmitted
Triangle cut - A triangular brilliant cut stone
Trilliant - see trillion cut
Trillion cut - A brilliant cut triangular stone with 44 facets
Tsavorite - A transparent, emerald green variety of garnet
Turquoise - Greenish-blue semi-precious stone
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